linux lab

Lab 1 – Linux Navigation & Files (20 points) Task 1 Create the following structure. /home/student/ ├── project │ ├── logs │ ├── scripts │ └── backup Requirements create all directories create app.log error.log install.sh inside correct folders. Task 2 Move app.log into backup Task 3 Delete error.log Task 4 Find install.sh using only one command. Lab 2 – Permissions (20 points) Create secret.txt Requirements Owner read/write Group read Others no access Verify permissions. Create a new user developer Switch to that user. Can the user read secret.txt Explain why. Lab 3 – Processes (20 points) Start a process Example sleep 500 Questions Find PID Kill the process Verify it stopped. Bonus Find the top five processes using the most memory. Lab 4 – Disk Space (20 points) Create a directory practice Generate a file about 100 MB. Questions How much disk space is used? How much free disk space remains? Which command shows directory size? Lab 5 – Networking (30 points) Find Your hostname private IP default gateway DNS server Ping 8.8.8.8 Questions Did it work? Ping google.com If this fails but 8.8.8.8 works, what is the problem? Display All listening ports. What service is listening on port 22? Lab 6 – Troubleshooting (40 points) Scenario 1 A user says "Internet is not working." Show the commands you would run. Expected ideas ip addr ping 8.8.8.8 ping google.com ip route cat /etc/resolv.conf Explain each step. Scenario 2 A website is down. Questions How do you verify server is running? nginx is running? port 80 is listening? firewall issue? logs? Commands should include systemctl status nginx journalctl -u nginx ss -tuln curl localhost systemctl restart nginx Scenario 3 SSH stopped working. How would you troubleshoot? Expected ping server ssh localhost systemctl status ssh ss -tulpn journalctl -xe systemctl restart ssh Lab 7 – Mixed Practical (Best Assessment) Tell students: You are the new Junior DevOps Engineer. The manager asks you to prepare a server. Complete all tasks. Ta