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When a RAID array fails, the worst thing you can do is panic and start poking at it immediately. I've seen too many cases where an impatient rebuild attempt overwrote the only good copy of data. This walkthrough covers how to safely approach a degraded or failed RAID — with ddrescue as your best friend. Step 0: Stop. Don't touch the array yet. Before running mdadm --assemble , before doing anything, clone your physical disks . A RAID 5 with one failed drive can lose everything the moment a second drive throws a read error during rebuild. This isn't hypothetical — it's how most total RAID losses happen. The golden rule: image first, recover second . Step 1: Assess the damage # Check current RAID state cat /proc/mdstat # More detail mdadm --detail /dev/md0 Look for: [UUU_] — one drive failed (underscore = missing) [UU__] — two drives failed (catastrophic for RAID 5) State: degraded , recovering , or failed Do NOT run mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdX yet. Stop the array instead: mdadm --stop /dev/md0 Step 2: Clone each disk with ddrescue ddrescue is the right tool because it handles read errors gracefully: it maps bad sectors, retries them, and lets you resume interrupted sessions. Never use dd for a failing disk. Install it: # Debian/Ubuntu sudo apt install gddrescue # RHEL/CentOS sudo dnf install ddrescue Clone each RAID member to a separate image file (you need enough storage — same total size as all disks combined): # First pass: copy everything readable, skip bad sectors fast sudo ddrescue -d -r0 /dev/sda /mnt/backup/sda.img /mnt/backup/sda.log # Second pass: retry bad sectors up to 3 times sudo ddrescue -d -r3 /dev/sda /mnt/backup/sda.img /mnt/backup/sda.log Key flags: -d — direct disk access (bypass kernel cache) -r0 / -r3 — retry bad sectors 0 or 3 times The .log mapfile is critical: it lets you resume if the clone is interrupted Repeat for every disk in the array ( sdb , sdc , etc.). Step 3: Work from the images Once you have image files, assemble a soft

For years, whenever I needed to merge two PDFs or compress a file to upload to a government portal, I would Google "compress PDF", click the first result, and inevitably hit a paywall. "You have reached your 2 free files per day limit." Worse, I was uploading sensitive documents—tax returns, medical records, and NDAs—to random servers in God-knows-where just to strip out some heavy images. I decided to build an alternative. I wanted it to be 100% free, have absolutely no daily limits, and most importantly: zero server uploads . Here is how we built PDF Pro using Next.js and WebAssembly to process PDFs entirely natively inside the user's browser. The Architecture: Why WebAssembly? Traditional PDF tools (like Smallpdf or iLovePDF) use a monolithic server architecture. You upload your file to their AWS bucket, their backend runs a Python or C++ script (usually using Ghostscript or a proprietary library) to manipulate the PDF, and then you download the processed file. This architecture is expensive (high bandwidth and compute costs) and creates a massive privacy liability. By compiling a C++ PDF manipulation library down to WebAssembly (WASM) , we inverted the architecture. 1. The Build Process We took pdf-lib and custom C++ compression algorithms and compiled them to a lightweight .wasm binary. When a user visits PDF Pro Compress , their browser downloads the ~2MB WASM file once and caches it. 2. Client-Side Processing When you drag and drop a 50MB PDF into the UI, it never hits our server. Instead, the browser's JavaScript engine passes a Pointer to the file data directly into the WebAssembly memory buffer. The WASM module executes native C++ speeds directly on your local CPU to compress or merge the document. Performance Benchmarks Because there is zero upload and zero download time, the performance metrics are staggering: 10MB PDF Compression (Cloud): ~15 seconds (Upload) + 4 seconds (Process) + 5 seconds (Download) = 24 seconds . 10MB PDF Compression (PDF Pro WASM)

Elon Musk is set to make hundreds of billions even as communities in Mississippi and Tennessee are fighting to stop the gas turbines powering xAI's supercomputers.

I automated my Gumroad product screenshots with Playwright I recently started packaging a few small frontend projects as digital products, and one surprisingly annoying part was preparing product screenshots. Manual screenshots quickly became messy: different browser sizes inconsistent cropping blurry images mobile screenshots were easy to get wrong Gumroad needed a square thumbnail every update meant taking screenshots again So I built a small local screenshot workflow with Next.js and Playwright. The workflow captures: desktop screenshots mobile screenshots square thumbnail images consistent PNG outputs route status checks basic console error reporting basic horizontal overflow checks The basic command flow is: npm run build npm run start npm run screenshots The script reads a simple config file, opens the configured local routes, captures each screenshot with consistent viewport settings, and exports the images into a predictable folder. For example: screenshots/gumroad/ landing.png dashboard.png template-preview.png mobile-preview.png thumbnail.png I found this especially useful when preparing Gumroad product galleries, because I could regenerate all product images after every UI change instead of taking screenshots manually. This is not a hosted screenshot service. It is just a local source-code workflow for people who want to generate product screenshots from their own Next.js pages. I packaged the workflow as a small Gumroad product here: https://remix410.gumroad.com/l/screenshot-automation-kit Curious how other developers handle product screenshots. Do you take them manually, use Playwright/Puppeteer, or use a design tool workflow?

The more things change, the more they stay the same.

A former xAI engineer is suing the company and SpaceX, alleging he was fired for raising AI safety concerns about Grok days before SpaceX's historic IPO.

The delayed Fable reboot is coming to Xbox Series X/S, PS5 and PC on February 23.

The most AI-obsessed firms are spending roughly $7,500 monthly per employee on AI, per Ramp AI Index. That's not more than an engineer's salary — yet.

Anthropic released Claude Fable, its first Mythos-class AI model, yesterday and it's already causing concerns inside Microsoft. Sources tell me that Microsoft is limiting the use of Claude Fable 5 for employees because of Anthropic's new data retention requirements. While Microsoft quickly rolled out Claude Fable 5 to its GitHub Copilot and Foundry customers, I'm […]

Problems with Starlink's India expansion could challenge SpaceX's IPO growth story.

When building a personal finance tracker, data integrity and system reliability are non-negotiable. One missing try/catch block can crash your whole server, and weak types can let invalid financial payloads corrupt your database. While building the backend for my personal finance tracker, I decided to move past generic tutorials and build a bulletproof, production-grade API core using Express, TypeScript, and Zod. In this post, I’ll show you how I implemented a type-safe middleware ecosystem, leveraged TypeScript declaration merging to extend the native Request object, and eliminated repetitive try/catch boilerplate across the entire codebase. 1. The Weapon Against Boilerplate: The asyncHandler HOC Writing try/catch blocks in every single controller handler clutters code and introduces human error—it’s easy to forget to pass an error to next() . To solve this, I engineered a Higher-Order Function (HOC) factory that wraps asynchronous request handlers and automatically catches rejected promises, safely routing them into the global error handler. import { Request , Response , NextFunction , RequestHandler } from ' express ' ; export const asyncHandler = ( fn : RequestHandler ): RequestHandler => { return ( req : Request , res : Response , next : NextFunction ) => { Promise . resolve ( fn ( req , res , next )). catch ( next ); }; }; Why this matters: Reliability: Async errors always reach the centralized error middleware. Readability: Route controllers stay beautifully clean, focusing only on business logic rather than async control flow wiring. 2. TypeScript Magic: Declaration Merging & Type Augmentation When dealing with authentication tokens, request tracing ( requestId ), or custom validated payloads, developers frequently resort to casting the request as any (e.g., (req as any).userId ). This completely destroys Type Safety. Instead of fighting the compiler, I leveraged TypeScript Declaration Merging to reopen Express's internal Request interface and merge my cust

Serverless functions have a time limit. Vercel gives you 60 seconds on Pro. None of that is enough to send a welcome email sequence, process an uploaded CSV, or run any workflow with multiple external API calls. Inngest solves this by turning your Next.js API routes into reliable, retryable, observable background jobs — without Redis, without a worker process, without any separate queue infrastructure. Read the full guide with all code examples at stacknotice.com How It Works You define functions that run in response to events . When an event fires, Inngest calls your function via HTTP. If the function fails, Inngest retries it. If the function has multiple steps, Inngest checkpoints each step so a failure halfway through doesn't restart from scratch. Setup npm install inngest // lib/inngest/client.ts import { Inngest } from ' inngest ' export const inngest = new Inngest ({ id : ' my-app ' }) // app/api/inngest/route.ts import { serve } from ' inngest/next ' import { inngest } from ' @/lib/inngest/client ' import { welcomeSequence } from ' @/lib/inngest/functions/welcome ' export const { GET , POST , PUT } = serve ({ client : inngest , functions : [ welcomeSequence ], }) Welcome Email Sequence export const welcomeSequence = inngest . createFunction ( { id : ' welcome-email-sequence ' , retries : 3 }, { event : ' user/signed-up ' }, async ({ event , step }) => { const { userId , email , name } = event . data // Each step is independently retried await step . run ( ' send-welcome-email ' , async () => { await resend . emails . send ({ from : ' hello@yourapp.com ' , to : email , subject : `Welcome, ${ name } !` , html : `<p>Thanks for signing up...</p>` , }) }) await step . sleep ( ' wait-2-days ' , ' 2 days ' ) await step . run ( ' send-tips-email ' , async () => { await resend . emails . send ({ from : ' hello@yourapp.com ' , to : email , subject : ' Top 5 tips to get the most out of the app ' , html : `<p>Here are the tips...</p>` , }) }) await step . sleep ( ' wait

Most of the value in SpaceX's IPO is effectively a call option on the company's ambitious space data center plans.

ServiceNow is used by thousands of enterprises to automate their internal processes, but says several customers had data accessed because of a security bug.

A cybercrime group known as The Gentlemen has emerged as the second most active ransomware gang by victim count, rapidly attracting a talented pool of hackers through an aggressive recruitment strategy that promises affiliates 90 percent of any ransom paid by victims. This post examines clues pointing to a real life identity for the administrator of The Gentlemen ransomware group.

The funding round was led by Norwest, with participation S Capital VC, Cerca Partners, and Oceans Ventures. Snowflake Ventures also participated as a strategic investor.

Decart is launching Oasis 3, a real-time world model that generates photorealistic driving environments for autonomous vehicle testing, now available via API for developers to build on.

There are many ways to create memorable experiences. Sometimes it's as simple as a form that completes smoothly. But here I'm interested in sharing techniques I reach for when I want a site to feel alive and be remembered. Creating Memorable Web Experiences: A Modern CSS Toolkit originally handwritten and published with love on CSS-Tricks . You should really get the newsletter as well.

Fusion power startup Avalanche Energy said its reactor prototype heated a plasma to over 10 million degrees C.

Ambrosia Energy wants to build power plants in less than 12 months while undercutting natural gas. It hopes to build gigawatts worth by 2030.