开发者
I made a small RF Online Next guide site
Hey everyone 👋 Is anyone here playing RF Online Next? I recently built a fan guide website for it: 👉 https://rf-online-next.net RF Online Next Guide — Starter Finder & Beginner Tips New to RF Online Next? Answer 3 questions to get your starter Biosuit, faction lean, and first-day checklist — personalized for your playstyle. rfonlinenextguide.com The idea is pretty simple. When a new MMO launches, information is usually all over the place — Discord messages, random posts, outdated guides, fake code pages, and long videos when you only need one quick answer. So I wanted to make a cleaner guide hub for players who just want to know: how to download and play which faction to pick what Biosuits/classes are good whether there are any real codes how to fix server full/login issues how Mining War / Chip War works what Sacred Weapons do The site focuses a lot on Mining War, the big 450-player faction war between Bellato, Cora, and Accretia. I also tried to keep the content honest. For example, the codes page doesn’t list fake “working codes” just for clicks. If there are no confirmed codes, it says that clearly. From the dev side, I structured the site around search intent instead of a normal blog feed. So the homepage points players directly to the guide they probably need. It also has multilingual sections for different regions, since RF Online Next has players from many countries. Would love to hear feedback from other devs, especially on: site structure SEO approach guide layout content clarity anything that feels confusing If you’re into MMOs, gaming websites, or niche SEO projects, feel free to check it out: 👉 https://rf-online-next.net RF Online Next Guide — Starter Finder & Beginner Tips New to RF Online Next? Answer 3 questions to get your starter Biosuit, faction lean, and first-day checklist — personalized for your playstyle. rfonlinenextguide.com
产品设计
I Rebuilt Instagram Stories' Segmented Progress Bars
Instagram/WhatsApp Stories have a signature UI: those segmented bars across the top, one filling at a time. It looks fancy but it's a simple pattern. Here's a live, tappable rebuild in vanilla JS + CSS. 📸 Try it (tap left/right, hold to pause): https://dev48v.infy.uk/design/day17-instagram-stories.html The segmented bar One bar per story. The rule: only the active segment animates its width 0→100%; segments before it are full, segments after are empty. When the active one completes, advance to the next and reset the rule. Driving the fill A single requestAnimationFrame loop tracks elapsed time vs the per-story duration (~4s) and sets the active bar's width. On completion → next story. The interactions that sell it Tap the right half = next, left half = previous (split the screen into two zones). Press-and-hold = pause ( pointerdown pauses the timer, pointerup resumes) — so users can actually read. Reset past/future segment states whenever you jump. Why rAF over CSS animation A timer loop makes pause/resume and tap-to-skip trivial — you control the clock. Pure CSS animations are harder to interrupt mid-fill. 🔨 Full build (segments → animate active → advance → tap zones → hold-to-pause) on the page: https://dev48v.infy.uk/design/day17-instagram-stories.html Part of DesignFromZero. 🌐 https://dev48v.infy.uk
AI 资讯
On-premises AI coding tools - safeguarding data privacy in software development
Check how on-premises AI solutions empower enterprises to safeguard sensitive code, ensure data residency, and maintain full compliance without compromising performance. Why privacy and security matter in AI-powered development? As enterprises increasingly adopt AI to automate code reviews, testing, and vulnerability scanning, ensuring data privacy becomes paramount. Cloud-based AI tools may expose sensitive source code, customer data, or intellectual property to external risks. By contrast, on-premise AI tools allow organizations to keep data within their controlled environments by aligning with data sovereignty and compliance requirements like GDPR and CCPA. According to Gartner, by 2026, 75% of organizations will demand AI solutions that guarantee strong data residency and compliance assurances. What are on-premise AI tools for software development On-premise AI tools are artificial intelligence solutions that are deployed and operated within an organization’s own infrastructure, rather than relying on external cloud services. In the context of software development, on-premise AI allows teams to leverage advanced AI capabilities such as code analysis, automated testing, and security scanning while keeping all data and processes within their own controlled environment. Core components of on-premise AI infrastructure include: Hardware: servers, GPUs, and storage devices physically located on-site or in a private data center. Software: AI models, orchestration tools, and management platforms installed and maintained by the organization. Security Measures: firewalls, access controls, and monitoring systems tailored to the organization’s specific needs. Examples of on-premise AI tools in software development: AI-powered code review platforms installed on internal servers automated vulnerability scanners running within the company’s network machine learning models for test automation, hosted locally. Primary connection to data privacy: on-premise AI ensures that sensit
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Seu código de validação de CPF tá gritando por socorro (e você nem percebeu)
Deixa eu adivinhar. Você tá com um projeto Laravel rodando, tem uns 5, 10, talvez 15 formulários que recebem CPF. Cadastro de cliente, cadastro de fornecedor, atualização de perfil, checkout, área administrativa… e em cada um desses lugares tem aquela mesma lógica de validação de CPF. Copiada. Colada. Com pequenas variações. E tá tudo bem. Até o dia em que o cliente pede pra mudar uma regra. Ou um bug aparece em um formulário e funciona normal no outro. Aí você abre o projeto, dá um Ctrl+Shift+F procurando "cpf" e… surpresa: tem oito lugares diferentes com a mesma validação. Com mensagens de erro escritas de oito jeitos. Uma delas até com erro de digitação. Já passou por isso? Então senta que essa conversa é pra você. O crime acontecendo em câmera lenta Olha esse cenário aqui, que eu garanto que você já viu (ou escreveu): // app/Http/Requests/StoreClienteRequest.php public function rules () { return [ 'cpf' => [ 'required' , function ( $attribute , $value , $fail ) { $cpf = preg_replace ( '/[^0-9]/' , '' , $value ); if ( strlen ( $cpf ) !== 11 ) { $fail ( 'CPF inválido.' ); return ; } // ... mais 20 linhas do algoritmo }], ]; } E aí, três dias depois, no outro Form Request: // app/Http/Requests/StoreFornecedorRequest.php public function rules () { return [ 'cpf' => [ 'required' , function ( $attribute , $value , $fail ) { $cpf = preg_replace ( '/[^0-9]/' , '' , $value ); if ( strlen ( $cpf ) !== 11 ) { $fail ( 'O CPF informado não é válido!' ); // mensagem diferente, claro return ; } // ... mais 20 linhas quase iguais, mas não exatamente }], ]; } Multiplica isso por 8 telas. Agora imagina o seu "eu do futuro" tentando manter isso. Dá pra sentir a dor daqui. DRY: a sigla que vai salvar seu projeto (e sua sanidade) DRY significa Don't Repeat Yourself . Em bom português: não se repita, caramba. A ideia é simples: cada pedaço de conhecimento (uma regra de negócio, um cálculo, uma validação) deve existir em um único lugar no seu sistema. Se precisar mudar, você muda em u
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Rust Ate the JavaScript Toolchain. Then Cloudflare Bought It
I run Vite on almost everything. Astro sites, Nuxt projects, a small group of libraries I maintain on the side. The build tool is the part of the stack I think about least, because it just works. So when the thing under all of that changes twice in three months, I read the release notes properly. Here is what actually changed, what breaks, and the part that made developers argue for a week straight. For Five Years, Vite Ran on Two Bundlers When Vite launched, it made a pragmatic bet. esbuild for the dev server, because it is fast. Rollup for production, because its output is well optimized. Two tools, two jobs. It worked. But it had a cost. Two bundlers meant two configs, two sets of quirks, and output that could drift between dev and prod. You tuned one, and the other behaved slightly differently. Vite 8 ends the split. It shipped on March 12 with a single bundler called Rolldown, written in Rust, with the Rollup plugin API on top. Under Rolldown sits Oxc, a Rust parser and transformer that does the TypeScript and JSX work Babel used to do. One language. One pipeline. Dev and prod finally agree. This Is a Pattern, Not a One-Off esbuild (Go) made webpack look slow. Bun did the same to Node for some workloads. Biome replaced Prettier and ESLint and runs many times faster. Now Rolldown does it to Rollup and esbuild at the same time. Every time a core JavaScript tool gets rewritten in a compiled language, the same thing happens. The speed jump is large enough to make the old version look broken. The interesting part is not the speed. It is the compatibility. These Rust tools do not ask you to relearn your stack. Rolldown speaks the Rollup plugin API. Biome follows ESLint and Prettier conventions. The migration is designed to be boring, and boring is the point. The Numbers, With a Grain of Salt The headline figure is real. Linear cut its production build from 46 seconds to 6 . Vite reports builds 10 to 30 times faster than the old Rollup path. Other large projects repor
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Making of Aantraa
Making of Aantraa aantraa.site — AI audio & video translation, caption generator, and viral shorts cutter. Under the Hood I run a small YouTube channel. I'm not a full-time content creator, but YouTube is a solid platform to gain traffic for your online work, business, project, or idea. Aantraa is what I built in a week. The main concept is simple: Video translation into multiple languages Audio translation — including text-to-audio, with MP3 output for Premiere Pro Long-form to shorts — convert YouTube long-form video into short clips At that time, only three features were needed, so website development wasn't the heavy lift. The real work was building APIs, backend infrastructure to integrate AI into video, and dealing with heavy storage. Breaking the execution into steps: How I made Aantraa AI LLM layering and provider Aantraa is heavily dependent on AI APIs — we need reliable infrastructure for LLM providers. OpenRouter, Portkey, Vercel AI SDK labs, and individual APIs for Anthropic, Deepseek, and OpenAI are solid options. I prefer OpenRouter for Aantraa for one reason: multiple model support — it's easy to pick the cheapest capable model for each job. Easy to integrate, strong community support, free model access, and more. AI LLM APIs are needed at almost every stage in the backend: Understanding video context and creating a script Translating the script into target languages Recording the script into MP3 or WAV format Summarising the video Generating captions Cutting videos into shorts Building APIs and servers Each layer needs heavy AI context and prompt engineering. Loop engineering is the trend here — and it's required for aantraa. For example, video translation works in multiple connected steps: Video translation API breakdown AI understands the video, fed into the LLM via the ffmpeg module AI generates a script/caption from the video AI translates the script into the desired language AI generates audio (MP3 or WAV) of the new translation AI glues audio a
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Presentation: AI Works, Pull Requests Don’t: How AI Is Breaking the SDLC and What To Do About It
Michael Webster discusses the rise of headless AI agents and their impact on software delivery pipelines. He shares how massive, AI-generated pull requests create a severe bottleneck for human reviewers and introduce persistent technical debt. Learn how engineering leaders can leverage test impact analysis and automated validation pipelines to verify agentic output without sacrificing stability. By Michael Webster
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DNS Explained: How Your Browser Decodes Website Addresses
You type www.google.com into your browser and hit Enter. The page loads in under a second. But stop and think about what just happened. Your browser didn't know where Google lives on the internet. It had to ask. And in that fraction of a second, a surprisingly elegant chain of lookups took place behind the scenes. That system is called DNS — the Domain Name System. Think of it as the internet's phonebook: it translates human-friendly names like www.google.com into machine-friendly IP addresses like 142.250.80.46 . Without it, you'd have to memorise numbers to visit any website. Let's walk through exactly what happens, step by step. Step 1: You Type a URL — But What Does It Mean? When you type www.bing.com , you're entering a domain name . Domain names have a structure — and reading them right-to-left tells you a lot: www . bing . com │ │ │ │ │ └── Top-Level Domain (TLD): category or country │ └──────── Second-Level Domain (SLD): the brand/org name └─────────────── Subdomain: a section of the site (optional) Some real examples: Domain TLD SLD Subdomain www.bing.com .com bing www news.bbc.co.uk .uk bbc news docs.github.com .com github docs TLDs indicate the type or origin of a site — .com for commercial, .edu for education, .in for India, and so on. Step 2: Your Browser Checks Locally First Before going anywhere on the internet, your browser does a quick local check — two of them, actually. 1. Browser cache Modern browsers cache DNS results from previous lookups. If you visited bing.com five minutes ago, the browser already knows its IP and skips the entire lookup process. 2. The hosts file Your operating system has a plain text file that maps domain names to IPs manually. On most systems it lives at: Windows: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts Mac/Linux: /etc/hosts It looks like this: 127 . 0 . 0 . 1 localhost 192 . 168 . 1 . 10 mydevserver . local Developers use this all the time for local testing — mapping a production domain name to a local IP to test before go
开源项目
Transitioning as a hubber
How GitHub's culture and benefits helped me be the best version of myself. The post Transitioning as a hubber appeared first on The GitHub Blog .
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Argo CD 3.5 Tightens Supply Chain Security with Internal mTLS and Source Integrity
The Argo CD project released a v3.5 release candidate in June 2026. This version adds mutual TLS enforcement for internal components. It also includes Git commit signature verification for supply chain security and native ApplicationSet management in the UI. The release also graduates two significant features: impersonation and Source Hydrator, from alpha to beta. By Claudio Masolo
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Startups Don't Need "Perfect" Code. They Need "Malleable" Code
Why adaptability beats perfection in startup software development The Startup Trap: Building for a Future That Doesn't Exist Yet Many startup founders make the same mistake. They spend months building the "perfect" product architecture. The code is clean. The design patterns are flawless. The test coverage is near 100%. The infrastructure can scale to millions of users. There's just one problem: They don't have any users. In the startup world, survival depends on learning faster than competitors, not on creating the most elegant codebase. Product-market fit is uncertain. Customer needs change weekly. Business models evolve. Features that seemed critical last month become irrelevant the next. In that environment, the biggest advantage isn't perfect code. It's malleable code . Code that can bend, adapt, and evolve as the business learns. What Is Malleable Code? Malleable code is software that is easy to change. It isn't necessarily perfect. It isn't over-engineered. It isn't designed to solve every future problem. Instead, it's designed to support continuous experimentation. Malleable code allows teams to: Launch MVPs quickly Test assumptions rapidly Respond to customer feedback Pivot when necessary Add new features without major rewrites Remove failed features with minimal effort Think of it this way: Perfect code optimizes for certainty. Malleable code optimizes for uncertainty. And startups operate almost entirely in uncertainty. When you're still searching for product-market fit, the ability to adapt is often more valuable than technical elegance. Why "Perfect" Code Often Hurts Startups Software engineers love solving technical problems. It's natural. Building a scalable architecture feels productive. Refactoring code feels productive. Designing the perfect system feels productive. But startup success isn't measured by code quality. It's measured by business outcomes. Questions such as: Are customers using the product? Are they paying for it? Are they returning? A
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I Almost Didn't Learn Programming Because I Was Bad at Math
For a long time, I thought programming wasn't for people like me. Not because I wasn't interested in technology. Not because I didn't enjoy solving problems. But because I kept hearing the same thing over and over again: "You need to be good at math to become a programmer." The more I heard it, the more I believed it. Whenever I saw developers building websites, apps, or cool projects, I assumed they were all math experts. 🧮 I imagined them solving complex equations all day while I struggled with basic math concepts. So before I even wrote my first line of code, I had already convinced myself that programming probably wasn't for me. And honestly, I think many beginners feel the same way. 🤔 The Fear Was Bigger Than The Reality When I finally started learning programming, I expected math to be my biggest challenge. It wasn't. My biggest challenge was understanding why things weren't working . I spent hours trying to figure out: Why isn't this button working? 🖱️ Why is this variable undefined? 🤨 Why did this code work yesterday but not today? 😅 Why did fixing one bug create three new bugs? 🐛 Very quickly, I realized that programming wasn't testing my math skills nearly as much as it was testing my patience and problem-solving ability. Most of the time, the challenge wasn't: "Can you solve this equation?" It was: "Can you figure out what's causing this problem?" 🧠 Logic Matters More Than Most People Think One of the biggest lessons I learned is that math and logic are not exactly the same thing. Yes, math uses logic. But you don't need to be a math genius to think logically. Programming is often about breaking a big problem into smaller, manageable pieces. For example: If a user clicks a button, what should happen next? If data is missing, what should the application do? If an error occurs, how should it be handled? That's logic. You're constantly thinking: "If this happens, then what should happen next?" And honestly, that's a huge part of software development. Some of
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Guardrails: Keeping Your AI Agent From Going Off the Rails
Hello, I'm Maneshwar. I'm building git-lrc, a Micro AI code reviewer that runs on every commit. It is...
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Keeping Android Services Alive Against OEM Battery Aggression
It was the middle of a Friday afternoon, and I was sitting in the front row of a local mosque. The room was deathly quiet, the kind of silence that amplifies every heartbeat. Suddenly, three rows behind me, a phone erupted with a loud, brassy ringtone that seemed to go on for an eternity. The man scrambled to silence it, his face turning bright red as he fumbled with his screen. I felt his humiliation deeply. In that moment, I realized that modern smartphones—despite their intelligence—are remarkably stupid when it comes to context-aware social etiquette. We live in a world of smart devices, yet we are still manually toggling our volume settings like it is 2005. I have spent years forgetting to silence my phone before a meeting, a lecture, or a quiet space, only to have it buzz loudly at the worst possible time. It is a friction point that feels trivial until it happens to you, at which point it becomes incredibly disruptive. Existing solutions often fall into two camps: over-engineered automation tools that require a computer science degree to configure, or basic calendar-sync apps that lack the nuance needed for things like location-based triggers or recurring religious observances. I wanted something that just worked, quietly, in the background, without requiring me to constantly open an app to double-check if my rules were still active. When I started building Muffle, I quickly realized that the greatest obstacle wasn't the logic of detecting a location or a prayer time—it was the operating system itself. Android, in its quest to squeeze every millisecond of battery life out of a device, has turned into a minefield for developers trying to keep background tasks alive. If you rely on a standard Service , the system will kill it within minutes as soon as the user turns the screen off. I needed a way to ensure that my background monitoring, especially for geofencing and prayer time calculations, stayed alive even when the phone was sitting in a pocket for hours. I
开发者
ESP32 OLED Mini Shooter Game: Full Beginner Tutorial
Want to turn a small ESP32 board into a mini arcade game you can actually play? This ESP32 OLED Mini Shooter Game uses a 128x64 OLED display and two push buttons to create a simple shooter experience. The player moves left and right, bullets fire upward, and enemies fall from the top of the screen. It is a small project, but it already feels like a real handheld game once the display starts updating. This build is a great next step after basic OLED and button tutorials. Instead of only printing text or drawing one shape, the code manages several moving objects at the same time. It tracks the player, bullets, enemies, collisions, and game-over state. The screen is divided into a simple grid. The 128x64 OLED becomes a 16x8 playfield, where each tile is 8x8 pixels. This makes object movement easier to understand because the player, enemies, and bullets move by grid position instead of raw pixel math. Why build it? This project teaches interactive programming on real hardware. The ESP32 reads button input, updates game objects, checks collisions, and draws the next frame on the OLED. That is much more active than a normal sensor display project. It also teaches timing without blocking the whole game flow. The code uses millis() to control when bullets and enemies update, so they can move at different speeds. This is useful because many embedded projects need timed actions without stopping everything else. What you'll learn ESP32 OLED display control - drawing text, squares, circles, and game objects on an SSD1306 screen. Custom I2C pins - using Wire.begin(5, 19) so the OLED uses GPIO5 for SDA and GPIO19 for SCL. Button input handling - reading two push buttons for left and right movement. Debounce logic - preventing one press from being counted many times. Grid-based game design - turning a 128x64 screen into a simple 16x8 game map. Game object arrays - storing multiple bullets and enemies with active/inactive states. Timer-based updates - using millis() to move bullets
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I analyzed 30 winning dropshipping products. 7 patterns they all share.
Looked at 30 products running Meta + TikTok ads profitably. 7 patterns every single one had: PRICE : $25-$65 Below = thin margins. Above = harder impulse. BUNDLE OPTIONS "Buy 2 save 10% / Buy 3 save 15%" — every store had this. None were single-product only. VISUAL HOOK IN 3 SECONDS Unique design, specific problem solved, or "wow factor." Generic products failed. REAL REVIEWS WITH PHOTOS Not 5-star spam. Real, mixed reviews. Even negatives build trust. SHIPPING TIME ON PDP Every store disclosed it directly. None hid it in FAQ. STICKY ADD-TO-CART ON MOBILE All 30 had it. If your Add to Cart scrolls off-screen on mobile, you're losing sales. POST-PURCHASE UPSELL "Add this for $X" / subscription / bulk refill. This is where AOV lives. WHAT THEY DIDN'T HAVE Live chat (only 4/30) Exit-intent popups (only 2/30) Countdown timers (only 3/30) Countdown timers (only 3/30 — most had REAL shipping urgency instead) Multiple payment options visible on PDP (most just had Shopify default) The "guru tactics" aren't what winning stores use. 3 QUICK WINS Pick products with visual hooks Bundle by default Fix PDP before scaling ads
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I built a free online toolbox with 260+ tools — here's the tech stack and what I learned
Every small task used to mean a new tab. JSON formatter on one site, GST calculator on another, PDF merger somewhere that wanted my email before it would merge two pages. Ads everywhere, slow UIs, and that low-grade worry about uploading a payslip or invoice to a server I do not control. I got tired of juggling twenty bookmarks for work that should take thirty seconds — so I started building one place for all of it. What ToolReign is ToolReign is a free online toolbox: 260+ utilities across 15 categories , all running in your browser. Developer tools (JSON formatter, JWT decoder, API client), text utilities, SEO helpers, PDF and image tools, spreadsheets, and a finance section I built with India in mind — GST with CGST/SGST/IGST splits, EMI and SIP calculators, HRA exemption, gratuity, income tax estimates, and more. The idea is straightforward: open a tool, do the work, leave. No signup wall, no file uploads to a backend, no account to manage. I am Anirudha Sonwane , a Senior Software Engineer at Giant Leap Systems in Pune. ToolReign is a side project I build around my day job — not a pitch deck, just something I wished existed. The tech stack decisions Next.js 14 App Router and static export Each tool lives at its own route under src/app/{category}/{tool-slug}/ . That maps cleanly to SEO: one URL, one search intent, one page of metadata. The site exports statically ( output: 'export' ), so production deployment is uploading an out/ folder to static hosting — no Node server to babysit. The App Router made this scale. Add a page component, register the slug in tool-registry.json , and the sitemap, category hubs, and search index pick it up automatically. At 260+ tools, hand-maintaining URLs would have broken within a month. 100% client-side — the decision that shaped everything This was the core architectural bet, and it is also the privacy story: your data never leaves the browser. Finance calculators are plain TypeScript math with useMemo . PDF merge and split use
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Handling React Dialog Flows with async/await
React dialogs often start simple. You add an isOpen state, then a selected item state, then confirm/cancel callbacks, then another dialog after the first one. Eventually, a simple flow can become scattered across multiple components. For example, a user flow like this: Select a user Confirm the action Add the user often becomes multiple pieces of state: const [ isUserSearchOpen , setIsUserSearchOpen ] = useState ( false ); const [ isConfirmOpen , setIsConfirmOpen ] = useState ( false ); const [ selectedUser , setSelectedUser ] = useState < User | null > ( null ); This works, but the actual flow is harder to read. What if dialogs could be handled as async flows? I wanted the code to read closer to the user flow: const user = await openAsync ( UserSearchDialog ); if ( ! user ) return ; const confirmed = await openAsync ( ConfirmDialog , { title : `Add ${ user . name } ?` , }); if ( confirmed ) { await addUser ( user . id ); } The dialog opens, waits for a result, and the caller continues based on that result. This is about orchestration, not UI This is not meant to replace Radix, MUI, Headless UI, shadcn/ui, or custom dialog components. Those libraries solve the dialog UI problem well. The idea here is to manage the flow around dialogs: opening dialogs from anywhere under a provider resolving typed result values handling nested dialogs distinguishing completed vs dismissed supporting dismissal reasons guarding close behavior with shouldClose So the actual dialog UI can still be your own component. I packaged the pattern I turned this idea into a small open-source library called react-dialog-flow . It provides a headless dialog stack, Promise-based openAsync , typed results, nested dialogs, closeTop , closeAll , dismissal reasons, shouldClose , and optional UI primitives. GitHub: https://github.com/CHOKANGYEOL/react-dialog-flow npm: https://www.npmjs.com/package/react-dialog-flow Docs: https://dialog-flow.kangyeol.com/ It is still early, so I am mainly looking for feed
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Building Cross-Platform Distributed Scheduling Platform — My Workflow & Tech Stack
Hi folks! I’m the architect behind WLOADCTL, a commercial workload scheduling system for enterprise automated task orchestration and RPA docking. A quick share of my daily work focus: Distributed task scheduling core development with Java & C Cross-system automation scripts built by Python & Shell Backend frontend based on SpringBoot + Vue3 Edge traffic protection & access optimization using Cloudflare Enterprise RPA integration to automate repetitive backend operations I’ve been tackling a lot of real-world pain points like cross-Linux distro compatibility, high-frequency API access security and mass task concurrency control recently. If you’re working on workload scheduling, backend automation or Cloudflare security tuning, feel free to leave a comment to chat!
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Record of Site Issues #2 - Playback / GOP
Environment And Situation Control room of an apartment Number of installed product : 3 (PC-based NVR, dual-LAN supported) Remote support : X (I actually went to the site and diagnosed) Reported Issue In viewer, when user changes play speed while playing back the recorded data, it randomly plays the data in hyper speed(almost 30x~60x) For example: 4x play means 4 seconds in video per a second. But in the site, it played 30~60 seconds per a seconds, showing the video stutturing. Diagnosis Checked the overall environment. System(CPU / RAM usage), network environment(bandwidth), resoulution, stream configurations, etc. -> Nothing suspicious. Some of the installed cameras had unusual fps and gop values Normally, fps and gop values are set to be equal(for exmaple, if fps is 30 then gop is also 30 so that iframe can appear every second) But the cameras' set up values were fps 15, gop 60(iframe per 4 seconds) Assumption Somehow the viewer keeps failing to find iframe to play. And it's maybe because iframe appears with a long gap. Quick note: iframe is kind of a key-frame. Since the viewer starts decoding from an iframe, it's necessary when it comes to playback. What I Tried Set all the cameras' gop value to 15(same as fps) Result Ran a test with data before changing the gop values and after. During interval before changing the gop, the issue occurred almost every time I tried. But after chaning the gop, the issue no longer occurred. Concolusion The issue was triggered by large GOP value (GOP 60 with FPS 15). With only one iframe every four seconds, the viewer sometimes failed to find an appropriate iframe after changing the playback speed, causing abnormal playback behavior. According to the viewer developer, this is likely related to the viewer's iframe searching logic, which is still under investigation. Keep This In Mind Check camera settings(especially gop and fps) first when it comes to playback issue. Always check before/after data to confirm assumption.