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Books/Resources to improve mathematical foundations for ML research [D]

I am a mid to late stage PhD student in ML. I've known this before, but only recently I started feeling this urgently: my mathematical foundations are shaky, because I kept "learning-things-as-I-go" when working on various problems. I likely have only a year or two left until I graduate, and before I do so, I want to really dedicate some time and focus to brush up on the fundamentals. Primarily, I want to improve my knowledge in Linear Algebra, Probability Theory, and Functional Analysis. For Lin. alg., I am looking at "Linear Algebra done right", and I think this book is sufficient for the topic, unless anyone thinks otherwise. I am not sure where to start for probability, as well as functional analysis. Rudin's books give me headaches. I instead started reading "A primer on RKHS" ( https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.0952 ) to "dip my toe" into functional analysis. Apart from the above, I might re-read PRML book (I've only read specific chapters before), and try to finish Pat Kidger's Just-Know-Stuff list ( https://kidger.site/thoughts/just-know-stuff ). Thoughts? Anyone have any book/resource recommendations? Someone told me to look into "the bright side of mathematics" on YouTube, anyone ever go through the videos there? I'm aware finding good, digestible resources is less than 10% of the challenge. The difficult part is sticking through and actually reading/working through these topics, while still juggling other academic responsibilities. submitted by /u/mvreich [link] [留言]

2026-07-03 原文 →
AI 资讯

Show HN: ctx – Search the coding agent history already on your machine

Coding agents don't have long-term memory. But you do have months of full-fidelity agent transcripts stored on your machine. A simple solution that goes a long way: ingest those transcripts and logs into a structured SQLite database, then search them with ranked text match. Everything is fully local and doesn't require anything fancy like a graph database or hosted memory service. This is the idea behind ctx, a Rust CLI that handles the ingestion and searching. We give our agents a skill that te

2026-07-02 原文 →
开发者

You're Writing Paper Commands Wrong

You've probably written a CommandExecutor before. Everyone who's touched Bukkit has. Declare the command in plugin.yml , implement onCommand , cast args[0] to whatever you need, hope nobody fat-fingers the input. It compiles. It runs. It's confusing to debug. And it's the wrong way to do it in 2026. # plugin.yml commands : punish : description : Opens the punishment GUI usage : /punish <player> public class PunishCommand implements CommandExecutor { @Override public boolean onCommand ( CommandSender sender , Command command , String label , String [] args ) { if (!( sender instanceof Player staff )) return true ; if ( args . length < 1 ) return true ; Player target = Bukkit . getPlayer ( args [ 0 ]); if ( target == null ) { sender . sendMessage ( "Player not found." ); return true ; } // ... open the GUI return true ; } } Tie it together in onEnable() with getCommand("punish").setExecutor(new PunishCommand()) , add a separate TabCompleter implementation to handle suggestions, and you're done. Seems perfectly fine... totally not confusing at all... (if you understood any of that, you're doing better than I am :P) This implementation has many issues... like Bukkit.getPlayer(args[0]) only matching an exact, currently-online name. No selectors. No partial matching. You write all of that yourself or not at all. Tab completion lives in a second method you keep in sync with parsing by hand. Change one, forget the other, and tab completion starts "lying" to your players (a problem that has taken me HOURS to solve in the past... i'm getting flashbacks ;-;). And the tree itself is static, fixed in plugin.yml . Want /report to take a severity argument only when severities are configured? You can't say that in plugin.yml and you end up with a tangled mess that is almost never clean (either to you, or the players). Paper ships Mojang's Brigadier (the same framework vanilla Minecraft uses for everything) through a lifecycle hook: LifecycleEvents.COMMANDS . You register a tree of

2026-07-02 原文 →
AI 资讯

Let Us Be Free

Nearly half a century ago, the free software movement made a demand that was both technical and moral: Users should have the freedom to understand, run, modify, and share the software on which they depended. It was a demand born from practical life with machines. A printer that couldn't be fixed. A program that couldn't be studied. A system that asked its users to accept dependence as the price of progress. That belief shaped modern computing and gave us the tools and norms that made the internet, open infrastructure, and collaborative software development possible. Today, that belief faces its hardest test. The technology has changed, but the warning signs are familiar. In 1980, at the MIT AI Laboratory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, a new Xerox 9700 printer was installed. The previous printer had come with source code that could be modified, inspected, recompiled, and reinstalled. Richard Stallman had changed that software to message users when their print job was done or when there was a jam, a small but meaningful feature since the printer sat several floors away. The new printer arrived with software preloaded and installed, no source code available, no way to modify it. If you needed help or new features, you hoped and prayed Xerox would listen. That loss of agency, alongside other anti-consumer shifts in early software, helped push him toward GNU and the free software movement: the belief that software should be free as in freedom, free to inspect, run, study, modify, understand, and redistribute. AI and inference services today are not too dissimilar. Closed frontier intelligence can make entire companies, governments, developers, and communities dependent on systems they cannot inspect, reproduce, modify, or meaningfully contest. At the dawn of this AI moment, we were promised unfettered intelligence across our products, companies, and codebases. We were told we'd be free to build whatever we wanted. At first, with tab completions. Then whole function blocks.

2026-07-02 原文 →
AI 资讯

Introducing Scale: SurrealDB Cloud, built for high availability and scale

Author: Tobie Morgan Hitchcock Today we're launching Scale, a new tier of SurrealDB Cloud built for the workloads you can't afford to have go down. Our first tier, Start, was designed for building and shipping fast. Scale is designed for what happens next: production traffic, uptime commitments, and the kind of resilience your users never notice because there are always available nodes. It's the tier for teams running SurrealDB as the scalable context layer behind real applications and AI agents in production. What you get with Scale Scale is about one thing: keeping your database available and consistent under real-world conditions. Highly-available, fault-tolerant clusters. Scale runs your database as a multi-node cluster designed to survive node and infrastructure failures without dropping writes or losing consistency. A single point of failure is no longer a single point of downtime. Multiple availability-zone deployment. Your cluster is distributed across multiple availability zones, so even the loss of an entire zone doesn't take your database with it. Traffic keeps flowing while the cluster recovers in the background. Horizontal scale. As demand grows, Scale grows with it. Add capacity by scaling out across nodes rather than being capped by the size of a single machine. Start with three nodes, and keep adding to scale your application or agent's needs. See more information about SurrealDB Cloud Scale architecture here . Built on SurrealDS Scale is powered by SurrealDS , SurrealDB's distributed storage engine and the foundation that makes all of this possible. SurrealDS is a new generation distributed storage architecture, rethought from first principles. Instead of coupling storage to compute on a single box or to a proprietary cloud tier, SurrealDS embeds consensus directly in SurrealDB nodes and separates the two layers cleanly. Here's what that architecture gives you. Architecture overview Compute and storage separation. Scale compute for QPS and storage f

2026-07-02 原文 →
AI 资讯

18 Hot Takes On Where AI is Headed Next

by Peter Yang, Behind the Craft Today, I want to share 18 hot takes on where I think the AI market is headed. AI is in a weird place right now. The government is restricting access to frontier models, enterprises are becoming conscious of token costs, and everyone’s trying to rebuild their product for agents first instead of humans. I’ve interviewed dozens of AI leaders and spent far too much time following these topics on X/Twitter. Here are 18 hot takes on where I think AI is headed next: The frontier-only AI stack is collapsing The AI super app era is here Traditional software risks becoming a dumb pipe for agents Cloud agents and collaboration are the next wave The Frontier-Only AI Stack Is Collapsing Tokenmaxxing at frontier API prices makes no sense. Uber burned through its entire 2026 AI budget in 4 months, Microsoft moved engineers off Claude Code due to cost, and companies are realizing that running everything on frontier models can get expensive fast. Tokenmaxxing makes sense when you’re on a subsidized $200/month plan but is unsustainable at API rates. Companies will rely on a portfolio of models. Coinbase recently cut its AI spend nearly in half by switching engineers to Chinese open-source models like GLM and Kimi. Airbnb and Pinterest have done the same with Alibaba’s Qwen models. I believe that this will be the default path forward — using frontier for high-stakes work and cheaper models for everything else. China’s open-source strategy is working. Chinese models are taking market share from frontier models at US companies. China is also building the full AI stack — from energy (e.g., solar, nuclear) to data centers to domestic chips. The Chinese government is planning a $295B investment in AI data centers with at least 80% of the chips built domestically. Frontier labs are in a catch-22 situation. If they release great open-source models, they might undercut their own frontier API revenue. If they gate the best models behind a trusted list, companies

2026-07-02 原文 →