Persisting Claude CLI Login Between Container Builds

Goal Keep Claude Code's account/session login ( ~/.claude.json ) alive across devcontainer rebuilds, instead of having to re-authenticate every time the image is rebuilt. The problem Claude Code keeps two things on disk: ~/.claude/ — a directory, already persisted via a named Docker volume ( claude-playwright-setup ). ~/.claude.json — a single file holding account/session state, which was not persisted. Every container rebuild wiped it, forcing a fresh login. Normally you'd just mount a named volume onto the whole folder the state lives in, the same way .claude/ , .copilot/ , and .continue/ are already handled. That's not an option here: .claude.json isn't inside its own subfolder, it sits directly in $HOME alongside everything else ( .bashrc , .ssh/ , .profile , ...). Mounting a volume onto $HOME itself to catch one file would shadow all of that, so the file has to be persisted on its own. Mounting a named volume straight onto the file path ( claude-json-...:/home/container-user/.claude.json ) seems like the next-simplest option, but it breaks on this Docker Desktop setup: mount ... not a directory: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file A named volume's backing store is always a directory. Docker is supposed to detect that the mount target is a single file and copy the image's file into the volume so it ends up binding file-to-file. On this Docker Desktop that detection fails — the volume comes up as an empty directory, and runc then tries to bind that directory onto the file path and crashes at container start. This was confirmed by deleting the volume and rebuilding the image from scratch, so it isn't a stale-cache artifact. The fix Never mount a volume directly onto a single file. Instead, mount it onto a directory — the same shape already used for .claude / .copilot / .continue — and symlink the dotfile into that directory from the Dockerfile. Dockerfile.debian : USER container-user .... RUN mkdir -p /home/container-user/.claude-json && \ touch /home/